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Pittsburgh is a city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in the United States, and is the county seat of Allegheny County. As of 2017, a population of 305,704 lives within the city limits, making it the 63rd-largest city in the U.S.[1][5] The metropolitan population of 2,353,045 is the largest in both the Ohio Valley and Appalachia, the second-largest in Pennsylvania (behind Philadelphia), and the 26th-largest in the U.S.
Located at the confluence of the Allegheny, Monongahela, and Ohio rivers, Pittsburgh is known both as "the Steel City" for its more than 300 steel-related businesses and as the "City of Bridges" for its 446 bridges.[6] The city features 30 skyscrapers, two inclined railways, a pre-revolutionary fortification and the Point State Park at the confluence of the rivers. The city developed as a vital link of the Atlantic coast and Midwest, as the mineral-rich Allegheny Mountains made the area coveted by the French and British empires, Virginians, Whiskey Rebels, and Civil War raiders.
Pittsburgh has an area of 58.3 square miles (151 km2), of which 55.6 square miles (144 km2) is land and 2.8 square miles (7.3 km2) (or 4.75%) is water. The 80th meridian west passes directly through the city's downtown.
The city is on the Allegheny Plateau, within the ecoregion of the Western Allegheny Plateau,[43] The Downtown area (also known as the Golden Triangle) sits where the Allegheny River flowing from the northeast and Monongahela River from the southeast form the Ohio River. The convergence is at Point State Park and is referred to as "the Point." The city extends east to include the Oakland and Shadyside sections, which are home to the University of Pittsburgh, Carnegie Mellon University, Chatham University, Carnegie Museum and Library, and many other educational, medical, and cultural institutions. The southern, western, and northern areas of the city are primarily residential.
Many Pittsburgh neighborhoods are steeply sloped with two-lane roads. More than a quarter of neighborhood names make reference to "hills," "heights," or similar features.[a]
The steps of Pittsburgh consist of 712 sets of outdoor public stairways with 44,645 treads and 24,090 vertical feet. They include hundreds of streets composed entirely of stairs, and many other steep streets with stairs for sidewalks.[44] Many provide vistas of the Pittsburgh area while attracting hikers and fitness walkers.[45]
Bike and walking trails have been built to border many of the city's rivers and hollows. The Great Allegheny Passage and Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Towpath connect the city directly to downtown Washington, D.C. (some 335 miles (539 km) away) with a continuous bike/running trail.
Aside from steel, Pittsburgh has led in manufacturing of aluminum, glass, shipbuilding, petroleum, foods, sports, transportation, computing, autos, and electronics.[8] For part of the 20th century, Pittsburgh was behind only New York and Chicago in corporate headquarters employment; it had the most U.S. stockholders per capita.[9] America's 1980s deindustrialization laid off area blue-collar workers and thousands of downtown white-collar workers when the longtime Pittsburgh-based world headquarters moved out.[10] This heritage left the area with renowned museums, medical centers,[11] parks, research centers, and a diverse cultural district.[12]
Today, Google, Apple Inc., Bosch, Facebook, Uber, Nokia, Autodesk, Microsoft and IBM are among 1,600 technology firms generating $20.7 billion in annual Pittsburgh payrolls. The area has served as the long-time federal agency headquarters for cyber defense, software engineering, robotics, energy research and the nuclear navy.[13] The area is home to 68 colleges and universities, including research and development leaders Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh.[14] The nation's eighth-largest bank, eight Fortune 500 companies, and six of the top 300 U.S. law firms make their global headquarters in the area, while RAND, BNY Mellon, Nova, FedEx, Bayer and NIOSH have regional bases that helped Pittsburgh become the sixth-best area for U.S. job growth.[15]
In 2015, Pittsburgh was listed among the "eleven most livable cities in the world";[16] The Economist's Global Liveability Ranking placed Pittsburgh as the first- or second-most livable city in the United States in 2005, 2009, 2011, 2012 and 2014.[17] The region is a hub for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design and energy extraction.[18]

Map of Pittsburgh and Allegheny. Drawn from the Official Plans, Records & Actual Surveys. The only accurate Map ever published of these Cities.
Maps and Orientation of the CityThe city of Pittsburgh is set within a sloping valley, meaning that some areas are quite steep and sloping, particularly those neighborhoods on the northern side of the city, and also on the southern side of the Monongahela River. Here you have more street maps of Pittsburgh.

Just a stone's throw to the north of downtown Pittsburgh is the Strip, where many warehouses and restaurants are to be found, along streets such as Penn Avenue and Smallman Avenue. The North Side is also home to some very large sports stadiums and museums, which are close to the Allegheny Square. Other areas include the East End, the South Side and the West End.
Maps are always useful and available from a number of bookstores along 5th Avenue and Murray Avenue, at the airport, and also at the Pittsburgh Convention and Visitors Bureau on Liberty Avenue. The following destinations are shown in relation to Pittsburgh city:
Akron (Ohio) - 106 miles / 171 km (one hour and 55 minutes, northwest)
Alliance (Ohio) - 83 miles / 134 km (one hour and 45 minutes, northwest)
Altoona - 96 miles / 154 km (two hours and five minutes, east)
Beaver - 37 miles / 60 km (50 minutes, northwest)
Butler - 41 miles / 66 km (one hour, north)
Canton (Ohio) - 91 miles / 147 km (two hours and five minutes, west)
Cincinnati (Ohio) - 288 miles / 463 km (four hours and 45 minutes, southwest)
Cleveland (Ohio) -133 miles / 214 km (two hours and 20 minutes, northwest)
Columbus (Ohio) - 185 miles / 298 km (three hours and ten minutes, west)
Detroit (Michigan) - 282 miles / 454 km (four hours and 40 minutes, northwest)
Erie - 128 miles / 206 km (two hours and ten minutes, north)
Greensburg - 35 miles / 56 km (50 minutes, southeast)
Indiana - 60 miles / 97 km (one hour and 25 minutes, east)
Johnstown - 69 miles / 111 km (one hour and 40 minutes, east)
Lexington (Kentucky) - 370 miles / 595 km (six hours, southwest)
McKeesport - 14 miles / 23 km (25 minutes, southeast)
Monroeville - 13 miles / 21 km (25 minutes, east)
New Castle - 53 miles / 85 km (one hour and five minutes, north)
Philadelphia - 305 miles / 491 km (five hours, east)
Toronto (Ontario, Canada) - 317 miles / 510 km (five hours and 15 minutes, north)
Washington (DC) - 245 miles / 394 km (four hours and 15 minutes, southeast)
Wheeling (West Virginia) - 59 miles / 95 km (one hour and 10 minutes, southwest)
Youngstown (Ohio) - 66 miles / 106 km (one hour and 15 minutes, north)